Scribble

Fix Hugo Preview Build Failures and English 404s on Cloudflare Pages

Thu, 20 Aug 2026 11:06:20 +0900

After I published the English version under /en/ in Publishing an English Version of a Hugo Blog at a Separate /en/ URL , I tried to send non-main branches to Cloudflare Pages Preview and hit two problems in a row.
main (production) was succeeding without issue, so at first I had no idea where the cause was.

The Preview build fails with permalink ill-formed
After deploy, clicking “English” in the menu returns 404

The root of both was that Cloudflare Pages manages environment variables separately for Production and Preview. I worked through them one at a time.

Publishing an English Version of a Hugo Blog at a Separate /en/ URL

Thu, 20 Aug 2026 10:24:31 +0900

I had come to want my Japanese-language tech blog to be readable from the English-speaking world too.
An easy way to do this is to run Google’s translation widget on the page and switch to an English display at the same URL. On another site that had been enough.

This time, though, the goal was not “convenience for visitors already here” but discovery and indexing from English queries. I judged that a widget could not satisfy that.

Running DBX, a Lightweight Multi-DB Client, on Docker Behind Traefik at /dbx

Wed, 19 Aug 2026 12:38:40 +0900

DBeaver, which lets me edit PostgreSQL data in bulk through a GUI while writing almost no SQL, had been invaluable. It is Java based, though, so it is fairly heavy to start up, and I had come to want something a bit lighter for looking at several databases together.
That was when I found DBX. It is free, supports many databases, and is said to run lightly. I decided to try building it into my Traefik-fronted Docker environment.

Pi-hole Web UI Unreachable After a Failed TLS Certificate Auto-Renewal

Fri, 07 Aug 2026 09:20:13 +0900

I noticed that the Web UI of the Pi-hole I run at home (http://127.0.0.1:8053/admin) had become completely unreachable.
All I got back was Connection reset by peer, and neither the browser nor curl could see anything.
DNS resolution (port 53) was still working fine, so there was no real damage.
As far as docker ps went the container was shown as healthy, so I had not been worried, but when I looked into it I found that the problem itself went back six days, to 2026-08-01.

Deduplicating zsh Command History Automatically Once a Day

Thu, 30 Jul 2026 10:44:55 +0900

With daily terminal work, the same commands pile up in ~/.zsh_history over and over.
History searches with peco / Ctrl-R end up full of noise, and the file tends to grow.

The zshrc I use every day is part of a dotfiles repository where I keep all my dot files together under Git.
This time I decided to touch that zshrc and add settings that cut down the duplicates.

Deciding the requirements first

Before doing any work, I settled on the following specification.

Migrating beautifulhugo from Legacy to Current: Dark Mode, Search and TOC

Wed, 29 Jul 2026 11:14:57 +0900

When I looked into the beautifulhugo repository, I noticed that the current master (referred to as the current version below), which is separate from the legacy version I have been using, bundles dark mode, search and a table of contents (TOC) all together.
I had actually tried once before, in a commit called “Update Beautifulhugo”, to bump only the pin in go.mod, but 34 minutes later I reverted it. The commit log does not record what happened, but at that time I swapped only the pin without thinking about things like the breaking changes from Bootstrap 3 to 5, so the display probably broke and I rolled it back immediately.
This time, as a rematch, I decided to redo the migration from the legacy version to the current version in separate stages.

Qiita-Style Heading Anchors and note.com Line Spacing in a Hugo Blog

Tue, 28 Jul 2026 14:59:17 +0900

The anchor link with an anchor icon (fa-anchor) that was permanently displayed at the end of the headings (h2 and so on) on this blog had started to feel a bit uncool to me.
Referring to the heading design of Qiita (in Japanese), I decided to rethink how it is displayed, including the effect on SEO. While I was at it, I also adjusted the line height and margins of the body text to match the article style of note (in Japanese).
This is a record of the work, in which I left almost all of the code changes to generative AI instead of doing them by hand, and checked the local appearance with Playwright MCP as I went.

Running phpIPAM on Docker to Automate LAN IP Address Management

Tue, 28 Jul 2026 11:18:30 +0900

The IP address ledger I had been keeping in GoogleSpreadSheet was no longer keeping up as the number of devices grew.
The IP addresses actually in use and what the sheet said drifted apart more and more, and I was reaching the limit of taking stock by hand, so I decided to start phpIPAM with Docker and move IP management there.

Starting it with Docker

I settled on the following docker-compose.yml.

OrbStack Won't Start: Fixing 'vmgr is already running (socket)'

Tue, 28 Jul 2026 05:33:44 +0900

I publish various services from my home server with Docker, so when OrbStack (Docker) does not work properly it seriously disrupts my daily work and my use of those services.
This time, when I tried to start OrbStack on macOS, not only did the Docker containers fail to come up, the app itself did not launch at all and quit immediately, which made me quite nervous.
Here I record how I investigated the cause and recovered.

Deleting Scattered node_modules in Bulk with npkill

Fri, 24 Jul 2026 10:59:24 +0900

When you work with npm / yarn / pnpm a lot, node_modules directories get created one after another, and before you know it they are eating into your disk space.
Repositories I tried out, verification projects I left lying around, old clones… hunting down the scattered node_modules one by one and running rm -rf is tedious, so I am noting down that a command called npkill makes tidying up easy.

How to Deal with Homebrew 6.0 Asking y/N on Upgrade

Mon, 15 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0900

From Homebrew 6.0 onwards, running brew upgrade or brew install asks you to confirm whether to continue.

==> This action will upgrade X formulae.
Proceed? [y/N]

Until now it went ahead automatically, so I imagine many people were caught off guard. In this article I summarize the ways to deal with it depending on the situation.

Dealing with it on the spot

If you do not need to change any settings in particular, all you do is type y and press Enter when the prompt appears.

Removing Containers and Volumes for Just One Docker Compose Project

Mon, 27 Apr 2026 15:14:20 +0900

There are plenty of occasions where you clone a repository on GitHub and bring up a Docker environment temporarily to try it out.
Deleting the containers and volumes that are no longer needed after testing one by one, however, is a chore.

Commands such as docker system prune are convenient, but using them also deletes containers and volumes that are not running and have nothing to do with the test, which has bitten me several times.
So I wrote a script that can safely remove the Docker environment of one specific project in a single shot.

Generating llms.txt and llms-full.txt in Hugo with Output Formats

Sat, 07 Feb 2026 14:00:00 +0900

I added llms.txt , a specification that lets LLMs retrieve the information on a website efficiently, to this Hugo blog.

Environment

Hugo v0.155.2
- Theme: Beautifulhugo
Cloudflare Pages

What llms.txt is

A Markdown-format text file placed at the root of a website, proposed at llmstxt.org . Like robots.txt or sitemap.xml, it provides an overview of the site and its main links in a form that is easy for an LLM to read.

There are two main kinds of file:

Powerlevel10k to Starship: Migration Steps and Customization

Fri, 30 Jan 2026 16:01:38 +0900

A Migration Guide from Powerlevel10k to Starship (2025 Edition)

Introduction

I migrated from Powerlevel10k, which I had used for years, to Starship.
In this article I summarize the differences between the two, recent developments, the migration procedure, and how to customize it.

Powerlevel10k vs Starship

Powerlevel10k

Features:

A prompt theme for Zsh only
Extremely fast startup time (under 10ms)
Beginner-friendly setup through a configuration wizard (p10k configure)
More than 10 built-in themes
Advanced customization is possible

Drawbacks:

Handy Ways to Use Miniflux: Bookmarklet and Mobile App Integration

Thu, 22 Jan 2026 12:47:24 +0900

In a previous post I covered building “Miniflux”, an RSS reader you can run yourself.
Its appeal is that it is simple and fast, but there are ways to make the day-to-day work of “registering feeds” and “reading on mobile” even more convenient.

This time I explain the combination that is still the strongest as of 2026: registering feeds at blazing speed from a PC browser with the bookmarklet, and setting up synced reading in “NetNewsWire”, the popular iPhone app.

Self-Hosting Miniflux with Docker Compose and Traefik

Thu, 22 Jan 2026 12:16:40 +0900

Up to now I had been self-hosting RSS with FreshRSS, but since Miniflux is lightweight and can integrate with all sorts of external services, I migrated to it.

I am building it with Docker again this time, and I am writing it up on the following assumptions.

Environment

My own domain (already registered with Cloudflare)
Network: traefik-network (external)
CertResolver: cloudflare
entryPoints: web (80), websecure (443)

docker-compose.yml

services:
 miniflux:
 image: miniflux/miniflux:latest
 container_name: miniflux
 restart: always
 depends_on:
 db:
 condition: service_healthy
 environment:
 - DATABASE_URL=postgres://miniflux:${DB_PASSWORD}@db/miniflux?sslmode=disable
 - RUN_MIGRATIONS=1
 - CREATE_ADMIN=1
 - ADMIN_USERNAME=${ADMIN_USERNAME}
 - ADMIN_PASSWORD=${ADMIN_PASSWORD}
 - BASE_URL=https://${MINIFLUX_DOMAIN}
 labels:
 - "traefik.enable=true"
 - "traefik.docker.network=traefik-network"
 - "traefik.http.routers.miniflux.rule=Host(`${MINIFLUX_DOMAIN}`)"
 - "traefik.http.routers.miniflux.entrypoints=websecure"
 - "traefik.http.routers.miniflux.tls=true"
 - "traefik.http.routers.miniflux.tls.certresolver=cloudflare"
 - "traefik.http.services.miniflux.loadbalancer.server.port=8080"
 networks:
 - traefik-network
 - miniflux-internal
 healthcheck:
 test: ["CMD", "/usr/bin/miniflux", "-healthcheck", "auto"]
 interval: 10s
 start_period: 30s
 db:
 image: postgres:17
 container_name: miniflux-db
 restart: always
 environment:
 - POSTGRES_USER=miniflux
 - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD}
 - POSTGRES_DB=miniflux
 volumes:
 - miniflux-db:/var/lib/postgresql/data
 healthcheck:
 test: ["CMD", "pg_isready", "-U", "miniflux"]
 interval: 10s
 start_period: 30s
 networks:
 - miniflux-internal
networks:
 traefik-network:
 external: true
 miniflux-internal:
 driver: bridge
volumes:
 miniflux-db:

.env

DB_PASSWORD=your_secure_db_password
ADMIN_USERNAME=admin
ADMIN_PASSWORD=your_secure_admin_password
MINIFLUX_DOMAIN=rss.your-domain.com

Starting it up

docker compose up -d

Building Miniflux safely with Traefik + Docker Compose

PostgreSQL: the official documentation uses Postgres 18, but it is still beta, so I use 17
Network isolation: the DB is connected only to miniflux-internal, so it cannot be reached from outside
Traefik integration: the miniflux container is connected to traefik-network, and the routing is configured with labels
Ports: miniflux starts on 8080 by default, so there is no need to publish a port to the host (Traefik handles it)

Securing the Vaultwarden ADMIN_TOKEN with an Argon2 Hash in Docker

Mon, 19 Jan 2026 10:10:26 +0900

Making the Vaultwarden ADMIN_TOKEN secure with an Argon2 hash

Introduction

When you open the Vaultwarden admin page, the following warning is sometimes displayed.

You are using a plain text `ADMIN_TOKEN` which is insecure.
Please generate a secure Argon2 PHC string by using `vaultwarden hash` or `argon2`.

Since Vaultwarden 1.28.0, hashing ADMIN_TOKEN with Argon2 is recommended. In this article I explain how to configure ADMIN_TOKEN securely in a Docker Compose environment.

Why Is This Port Open? Answering It in One Command with witr

Tue, 13 Jan 2026 16:07:45 +0900

Introduction: the late-night “what was this port again?” problem

When you run servers, you repeatedly end up in the situation where you see an alert in the middle of the night, SSH into the machine, and think “what is listening on this port again?”
Until now I combined netstat / ss / lsof / nmap / systemctl / docker ps and worked out the identity and the origin of the process by hand.
Recently I started using a CLI tool called witr (Why is this running), and because it explains in a single command even why a process exists, my investigation flow has changed considerably.

Why sudo Loses Your PATH on Linux and How to Keep It

Tue, 13 Jan 2026 14:50:05 +0900

When you use the sudo command on Linux, the PATH you configured as a normal user is not applied and you can end up with “command not found”.
This happens especially often when you try to run a command inside Linuxbrew (Homebrew) with sudo and the command cannot be found.
This article explains how to carry your PATH environment variable over into sudo.

Why PATH changes under sudo

For security reasons, sudo resets environment variables by default.

Making Hugo Post List Summaries Plain Text with plainify

Tue, 06 Jan 2026 13:23:48 +0900

The summary display in the article list on the top page was being shown with the HTML notation still left in it, which felt wrong, so I fixed it ↓

Stripping the HTML also looks better for SEO, so I made the following change

layouts/partials/post_preview.html

<article class="post-preview">
 <a href="{{ .Permalink }}">
 <h2 class="post-title">{{ .Title }}</h2>
 {{ if .Params.subtitle }}
 <h3 class="post-subtitle">
 {{ .Params.subtitle }}
 </h3>
 {{ end }}
 {{ if .Params.image }}
 <img src="{{ .Params.image }}" alt="{{ .Title }}" class="img-title" />
 {{ end }}
 {{ if .Params.video }}
 <video loop autoplay muted playsinline class="img-title">
 <source src="{{ .Params.video }}">
 </video>
 {{ end }}
 </a>

 <p class="post-meta">
 {{ partial "post_meta.html" . }}
 </p>
 <div class="post-entry">
 {{ if or (.Truncated) (.Params.summary) }}
 {{ .Summary | plainify }}
 <a href="{{ .Permalink }}" class="post-read-more">[{{ i18n "readMore" }}]</a>
 {{ else }}
 {{ .Content }}
 {{ end }}
 </div>

 {{ if .Params.tags }}
 <div class="blog-tags">
 {{ range .Params.tags }}
 <a href="{{"tags" | absLangURL}}/{{ . | urlize }}/">{{ . }}</a>&nbsp;
 {{ end }} 
 </div>
 {{ end }}

</article>

Moving to init.lua on Neovim 0.11 and the E5422 Config Conflict

Fri, 12 Dec 2025 16:13:09 +0900

I migrated the NeoVim configuration I set up in Reviewing my Zsh and NeoVim configuration over to Lua.

TL;DR

Neovim 0.11.5 assumes Lua, so moving from init.vim + vim-plug toward init.lua + lazy.nvim gives you a big return.
For completion, blink.cmp is a strong choice these days.
The 0.11 trap: init.lua and init.vim cannot live side by side (E5422: Conflicting configs). A staged migration takes some ingenuity.
While I was at it: NERDTree→oil.nvim, hand-written brackets→nvim-autopairs, IME→Lua autocmd, cursor shape→guicursor.

Background

In the Neovim 0.11 generation, the ecosystem of LSP, diagnostics and the surrounding plugins moves ahead on the premise of Lua. If you keep maintaining a Vimscript-centred setup,

Four .zshrc Mistakes That Quietly Break Zsh, and How to Fix Them

Fri, 12 Dec 2025 16:01:20 +0900

I had been happily using the zshrc I set up in Reviewing my Zsh and NeoVim configuration as a base, but I went over the configuration again with the help of generative AI (ChatGPT-5.2).

What I improved

Made the broken predicate functions correct (stopped using return $(…))
Left the locale alone (LC_ALL in particular is easy to get wrong)
Made completion work from the very first shell (avoided the landmine of zinit lazy loading combined with the compinit order)
Isolated the heavy listings into ll/la so that everyday ls does not get slow

Background: with .zshrc, convenience and destruction are a hair apart

When it comes to improving a zshrc, there are more landmines of the “writing it the wrong way quietly breaks things” kind than there is work on appearance or adding aliases. These were the four places I got stuck this time:

Stop Frequent AlmaLinux Reboots by Disabling the NMI Watchdog

Thu, 11 Dec 2025 15:45:51 +0900

To begin with, I decided to look at the logs from just before the previous boot, so that I could tell whether this was really a reboot coming from the OS or a problem around the hardware power supply.
On AlmaLinux (RHEL based), running journalctl -b -1 shows the logs of the one previous boot all together, so I used that command as a starting point and went over the kernel messages and the systemd logs.

Migrating a Documentation Site from Nextra 2 to Nextra 4

Mon, 08 Dec 2025 15:58:08 +0900

Introduction

Nextra 4 was released and I tried to move a site built with Nextra 2 over to Nextra 4, but there were so many changes that the upgrade did not go well.
So instead of updating the Nextra 2 project, I created a Nextra 4 project and decided to migrate the Nextra 2 project into the Nextra 4 project.

In this article I go through the changes required when migrating from Nextra 2 to Nextra 4.

Why Hugo Shows the Wrong Last Modified Date on Cloudflare Pages

Thu, 04 Dec 2025 01:42:20 +0000

On a blog site built with Hugo, I was stuck for a while on a problem where the “Last modified” date of each post was not displayed correctly.
Every post ended up with the same date, and the actual update date of each post was not reflected.
In this article I explain the cause of the problem and how to solve it.

My environment uses Github and Cloudflare Pages.

Symptoms

The “Last modified” date shown in the post metadata was the same date on every post.
For example, it was displayed like this:

How to Reload .bashrc and .zshrc Without Logging Out

Wed, 03 Dec 2025 23:57:07 +0000

After editing a shell configuration file (.bashrc, .zshrc and so on) on Linux or macOS, how should you apply the changes?
Many people probably think of logging out once and logging back in, but in fact there are quite a few more efficient ways.
This article explains the various commands for reloading a shell configuration, what characterises each of them, and how to choose between them.

1. The source command - the most basic method

The source command is the most common way to run a shell script or a configuration file in the current shell environment.
With this command you can load the contents of the specified file into the current shell session without starting a new shell.

Updating Hugo and My Beautifulhugo Theme After a Year Away

Wed, 03 Dec 2025 14:20:57 +0900

Somehow this is my first post in a long time, and before I knew it more than a year had passed without an update. (^_^;)

Lately I have been doing vibe coding with generative AI, so I had no time to write articles.

As for the Hugo behind this blog, if I do not keep it updated then changes in its features start causing problems, so I updated it.
While I was updating Hugo, I also changed the look of the Beautifulhugo theme.
For the changes as well, making use of generative AI these days keeps the coding moving along easily.

Migrating the Beautifulhugo Theme from a Git Submodule to Hugo Modules

Sat, 10 Aug 2024 12:18:12 +0000

Up to now I had been using Hugo’s Beautifulhugo theme on this site as a submodule, but I switched it over to the hugo modules format.

Environment

I work by cloning my own repository from Github.

First, a look at the local environment

❯ go version
go version go1.22.6 darwin/arm64
❯ hugo version
hugo v0.131.0+extended darwin/arm64 BuildDate=2024-08-02T09:03:48Z VendorInfo=brew

The theme is beautifulhugo, installed as a submodule

Initialising hugo modules

$ hugo mod init github.com/user/scribble
go: creating new go.mod: module github.com/user/scribble
go: to add module requirements and sums:

Fetching the beautifulhugo theme

Moving a Hugo Site from Netlify to Cloudflare Pages

Sat, 10 Aug 2024 06:49:04 +0000

I had already finished the move from Netlify to Cloudflare on my other blog, and since the summer holidays gave me some time, I did the migration on this site too.
It was almost the same work as the migration on the other blog, so I was able to move over fairly easily.

Github

To link it with Cloudflare, set the repository in question to allow the integration.

Suddenly Denied on macOS! Fixing a Samba Access Error

Wed, 22 May 2024 11:02:21 +0900

When I tried to connect from macOS to a QNAP’s Samba share for the first time in a while, for some reason I was denied and could not log in even though I was entering the correct password.

For reference, the macOS here is the latest Sonoma environment.

Investigation

Logging in from Windows works fine
Logging in over afp works fine
Logging in from older macOS (High Sierra or Mojave) works fine too

How to fix it

Either method is fine as long as it solves the problem

Enabling NVIDIA GPU Support in Docker with nvidia-container-toolkit

Tue, 14 May 2024 10:42:58 +0900

TL;DR

To answer the request to use a GPU (nvidia) inside a Docker container, Docker has to be configured for GPU support.

Normally a Docker container cannot access the host’s GPU resources. That is because Docker does not pass the host’s GPU devices through to the container, and the reason behind it is that the GPU driver and the CUDA libraries are not properly shared between the host and the container.
To get around this, the GPU resources have to be passed through to the container with a tool such as nvidia-container-toolkit.

A CLI Command That Only Updates Neovim Plugins

Mon, 04 Mar 2024 10:55:14 +0900

I only just learned the command that updates plugins in a Neovim (Vim) setup that uses vim-plug.

Until now I opened nvim, opened the : command window, and typed :PlugUpdate.
That is fine for a single machine, but repeating the same steps on several hosts is tedious.
It turns out you can run it from the command line as well.

$ nvim +PlugUpdate +qall

With this, you can drop it into a script or an Ansible playbook.

Getting an author Warning When Hugo Builds the Site

Mon, 29 Jan 2024 15:30:22 +0900

The following error started appearing when building with hugo

Start building sites …
hugo v0.122.0-b9a03bd59d5f71a529acb3e33f995e0ef332b3aa+extended darwin/amd64 BuildDate=2024-01-26T15:54:24Z VendorInfo=brew

WARN The author key in site configuration is deprecated. Use params.author.name instead.

Apparently the warning started being emitted from version 0.120

Fixing config.toml

Before

[params]
 author = "Hugo"

After

[params]
 author.name = "Hugo"

If there is no author inside [params], add it

Getting UNIX-Style Focus Follows Mouse on a Mac with AutoRaise

Mon, 29 Jan 2024 08:52:42 +0900

Ever since I started using a Mac, I kept wishing there were a feature like the one on Unix where simply moving the mouse cursor onto a window makes it active.

It is late in the day, but I finally came across a piece of software with a Focus Follows Mouse feature (AutoRaise).

Installing AutoRaise

The installation instructions offer a disk image, a Zip file and manual compilation, but the disk image was not supported, so I go with manual compilation from Git.

How to Exclude Files and Folders from Resilio Sync with IgnoreList

Fri, 26 Jan 2024 15:41:15 +0900

Until a few years ago I had sync configured across several PCs with Dropgox, but a change for the worse in Dropbox put a limit on the number of devices, so these days I use Resilio Sync to keep my PCs in sync.

Lately I have been using node-based tools such as React and Git frequently, and if I keep those working directories inside a Resilio Sync folder, an enormous number of files get synced.
In particular, I do not want the contents of node_modules produced by node builds, or the git management folder, to be synced, so - late in the day though it is - I began to wonder whether Resilio Sync has an exclusion setting.

Adding an HDD on Debian and Formatting It with xfs

Thu, 20 Jul 2023 10:45:34 +0900

In Linux environments I often have occasion to add an HDD after the fact, so I am writing it down again.
(About ten years ago I posted a similar article (adding an HDD with fdisk from the command line (in Japanese)))

Environment

The Linux used is Debian 12
The format is xfs
The HDD to be added is 4TB

I assume Linux (Debian) is already running and the HDD to be added is already installed

Fixing network.external.name is deprecated in Docker Compose

Wed, 19 Jul 2023 15:01:32 +0900

When I rebuilt and started, for the first time in a while, a container that uses external in order to communicate between containers in different Docker environments, I ran into the error below

network default: network.external.name is deprecated. 
Please set network.name with external: true

The docker-compose.yml I had been using until then worked with the following

…
networks:
 default:
 external:
 name: ${NETWORK}

The compose version has gone up and the way it is written seems to have changed, and the format below is apparently the correct one

Upgrading Debian 11 bullseye to Debian 12 bookworm

Tue, 18 Jul 2023 17:31:40 +0900

I have written about Debian upgrades several times, so this update is almost the same work as the previous Upgrading Debian 10 to 11 .

The only difference is a small change to sources.list when adding non-free.
After main in each repository stanza of /etc/apt/sources.list, add non-free non-free-firmware.

#deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 12 _Bookworm_ - Official Snapshot amd64 LIVE/INSTALL Binary 20230610-08:51]/ bookworm main non-

deb http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/debian/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/debian/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware

deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main non-free non-free-firmware

# bookworm-updates, to get updates before a point release is made;
# see https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch02.en.html#_updates_and_backports
deb http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/debian/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/debian/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware

As an aside, a direct jump from 10 to 12 failed in my case, so when upgrading from an older release it is safer to go in order (10→11→12).

Connecting to Samba Shared Folders from Windows 10 and 11

Thu, 22 Jun 2023 14:30:21 +0900

At work I have been asked about not being able to connect to shared folders (Samba) since somewhere around Windows 10, and recently the questions from people who have updated to Windows 11 have increased as well.

Let’s check the items below!

Enabling the SMB1.0 client

On Windows 11 the “SMB1.0 client” is disabled in the default settings.

The “SMB1.0 client” standard is old and vulnerabilities have been reported for it, so Microsoft disables the “SMB1.0 client” from a security point of view, and that accounts for most of the cases where the connection fails

Spinning Up a Samba Server for Testing with Docker

Tue, 09 May 2023 09:36:49 +0900

At work there was a request to build a temporary Windows file sharing server on Linux and test against it.
Since it was only temporary, I wanted to avoid dirtying the system by installing directly onto it, so I built it with Docker.

That said, a Docker image already exists, so all I do is use it

This repository looks comparatively recently updated and maintained

Connecting to Vagrant with the Plain SSH Command

Fri, 28 Apr 2023 16:59:16 +0900

After the earlier Vagrant does not respond , it would be a problem if the vagrant ssh command became unusable, so — belatedly — I set up connecting over plain SSH.

Connecting with plain ssh rather than using vagrant ssh seems to be faster and more responsive

In my own Vagranfile the connection is already bridged, and the default port is 2222

config.vm.network "public_network", ip: "192.168.1.10", bridge: "en0: Ethernet"

If you have not configured the network part, write it as follows

Fixing Vagrant When It Stops Responding on macOS Mojave

Fri, 28 Apr 2023 16:26:38 +0900

I run vagrant on a Mac (Mojave), but recently I hit a situation where vagrant would not respond at all

$ vagrant ssh
$ vagrant status
$ vagrant info
$

No matter which command I type, there is no reaction whatsoever!?

Thinking that vagrant might be broken, I ran brew reinstall vagrant

After that the vagrant command came back, but this time I got the error below

$ vagrant status
Traceback (most recent call last):
	2: from /opt/vagrant/embedded/gems/2.3.4/gems/vagrant-2.3.4/bin/vagrant:111:in `<main>'
	1: from /opt/vagrant/embedded/lib/ruby/2.7.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:83:in `require'
/opt/vagrant/embedded/lib/ruby/2.7.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:83:in `require': cannot load such file -- vagrant (LoadError)
	12: from /opt/vagrant/embedded/gems/2.3.4/gems/vagrant-2.3.4/bin/vagrant:111:in `<main>'
	11: from /opt/vagrant/embedded/lib/ruby/2.7.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:147:in `require'
	10: from /opt/vagrant/embedded/lib/ruby/2.7.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:158:in `rescue in require'
	 9: from /opt/vagrant/embedded/lib/ruby/2.7.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:158:in `require'
…
/opt/vagrant/embedded/lib/ruby/2.7.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:83:in `require': cannot load such file -- google/protobuf_c (LoadError)
~/vagrant ❯ w

google/protobuf_c? Is this a ruby related error??

Fixing the Unresponsive Hamburger Menu in Hugo's Tranquilpeak Theme

Fri, 21 Apr 2023 09:39:50 +0900

I suspect the symptom had been happening for a while, but I noticed that the hamburger menu displayed in responsive mode on the Hugo theme “Tranquilpeak” was not working, and I ended up spending almost a whole day tracking down and understanding the cause.

The symptom

With this phenomenon, there was no problem as long as BaseURL was the top directory; it occurred when a subpath (subdirectory) was configured.
Specifically,

Getting GA4 Working on Hugo with Beautifulhugo and Mainroad

Mon, 27 Mar 2023 10:46:37 +0900

Migrating a site built with Hugo to GA4

In my environment I use the Beautifulhugo and Mainroad themes, so the customization here is limited to those
Also, this assumes the GA4 code for Google Analytics has already been obtained, so I will skip the explanation of Google Analytics itself

Beautifulhugo

Copy head.html into the root folder and edit it

$ pwd
/hugo

$ cp themes/beautifulhugo/layouts/partials/head.html layouts/partials/.

head.html (changed lines only)

- {{ template "_internal/google_analytics_async.html" . }}
+ {{- partial "analytics" . -}}

Create /layouts/partials/analytics.html with the following content

{{ if not .Site.IsServer }}
{{ with .Site.GoogleAnalytics }}
<!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics 4-->
<script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id={{ . }}"></script>
<script>
 window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
 function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
 gtag('js', new Date());

 gtag('config', '{{ . }}');
</script>
{{ end }}
{{ end }}

Write the GA4 code into config.toml (changed lines only)

googleAnalytics = "G-XXXXXXXXXX"

Mainroad

In the mainroad theme at the time of writing, analytics is loaded in layout/_default/baseof.html, and looking at the code below it seems as though GA4 is already supported

Building Zabbix 6 with Docker Compose

Mon, 17 Oct 2022 15:29:51 +0900

The Zabbix server I keep running all the time was on the old version 4, and partly because of template-related issues it seems the data cannot be migrated to 6.x, so I built Zabbix 6.x from scratch with Docker.
Maybe the data could be carried over by upgrading zabbix4 -> 5 –> 6 one step at a time, but in my case I do not monitor that many servers, so building 6.x in one go and configuring the monitoring again seemed more efficient.

Installing Homebrew on Linux: Debian, Ubuntu, and RedHat

Mon, 17 Oct 2022 14:19:59 +0900

Homebrew has become pretty much the standard on macOS, but these days you can install Homebrew on Linux too.
On Debian and RedHat you can manage packages with apt or dnf (yum), but Homebrew makes it easier to install and update programs that are not in those packages and are not published as a repository.

For example, tools I use often such as Hugo, Docker’s docker-compose, and lazydocker have to be downloaded from the official site and swapped out every time there is an update, but this can now be simplified to something like brew update hugo, just as on macOS.

Fixing Bloated Container Logs in /var/lib/docker/containers

Mon, 17 Oct 2022 14:01:27 +0900

An LDAP server running on Docker had reached 100% disk usage, so I looked into it.
This LDAP server is close to read-only, so the data should not grow that much, should it?

# du -sh /var/lib/docker/* |sort -n
1.2G	/var/lib/docker/overlay2
2.1M	/var/lib/docker/image
4.0K	/var/lib/docker/runtimes
4.0K	/var/lib/docker/swarm
4.0K	/var/lib/docker/tmp
4.0K	/var/lib/docker/trust
4.4M	/var/lib/docker/volumes
7.8G	/var/lib/docker/containers
20K	/var/lib/docker/builder
24K	/var/lib/docker/plugins
60K	/var/lib/docker/network
108K	/var/lib/docker/buildkit

/var/lib/docker/containers is clearly the one using a lot of space

When a Dell PowerEdge Refuses to Boot from a USB Drive

Fri, 15 Jul 2022 10:54:18 +0900

I wanted to install Debian on a PowerEdge R410 that I no longer used, so I created a bootable USB disk, but even after setting USB as the highest boot priority in the BIOS it would not boot from the USB, and I spent several hours on it.

When I looked for a solution on the internet, the article below was a perfect match

The boot solution

On the startup screen (while the Dell logo is showing), press F2 to open the BIOS setup screen.
In the BIOS settings, change USB Flash Drive Emulation Type from AUTO to Hard Disk.
Save the settings and leave the BIOS setup screen (it reboots)
On the startup screen (while the Dell logo is showing), press F11 to open the boot media selection.
In the boot media selection, the USB flash media appears under the “Hard Disk” entry, so choose to boot from the USB flash media.
The installer boots from the USB without trouble.

The network is unusable

The NIC is recognized, but it cannot connect to the network

Adding HTTP Security Headers to a Hugo Site on Netlify

Mon, 04 Jul 2022 14:44:04 +0900

Three years are about to pass since this site moved to Hugo.

I configured the HTTP security headers for the site, which had been left alone for a while.

They are directives used by web applications to configure security measures in the web browser, and they are used to defend against things like cross-site scripting and clickjacking

This article covers the configuration for the Hugo + Netlify environment that this site uses
Also, I will leave out explanations of the configuration terminology

Moving /var/lib/docker to Another Partition with a Bind Mount

Tue, 10 May 2022 13:36:13 +0900

The root partition (/) of the machine I run Docker on was getting tight, so I moved /var/lib/docker

These days, when you install Linux without thinking about it, the automatic configuration often gives the root partition (/) something small such as 30GB.
When you run Docker, /var/lib/docker grows and grows, so / ended up in a state close to full.
So I moved it to /home, which is on a separate partition and has room to spare

Upgrading Growi from 4.5 to 5.0 on docker-compose

Tue, 10 May 2022 09:35:54 +0900

I have written about upgrading Growi before, but this time it is a major upgrade from 4.x to 5.x.

Assume that Growi is running on Docker with the configuration below

App	Version
Growi	4.5.19
mongodb	4.4

Note that if you are building it with docker for the first time, you can build it just as the official installation describes, so the work from here on is unnecessary

Get 4.x up to the latest version first

If you are running it on docker, I think it is better to update 4.x to the latest version as far as you can, based on the official upgrade information below.

Cannot Create Files or Directories in the Home Directory on Debian

Wed, 30 Mar 2022 14:51:38 +0900

After logging in to a certain Linux (Debian) machine, I ran into a symptom where I could not create files or directories.

$ mkdir test
mkdir: ディレクトリ `test' を作成できません: 許可がありません
$ touch test
touch: 'test' に touch できません: 許可がありません

I tried various things

Logging in works normally
Checked the UID and GID with the id command
Checked the attributes of the home directory and its contents
Tried changing the shell

None of them showed a problem, and when I looked at the error log, there was an error like the one below

No Matching Host Key Type Found After Upgrading to OpenSSH 8.8

Wed, 30 Mar 2022 14:19:56 +0900

I updated openssh with Homebrew on my Mac, and after the version went up I could no longer connect, with the error below.

ERROR: Unable to negotiate with 192.168.1.10 port 22: no matching host key type found. Their offer: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss

The error did not appear for every destination; the ones I could no longer reach were those running relatively old operating systems.

SSH that can connect

$ ssh -V
OpenSSH_8.4p1 Debian-5, OpenSSL 1.1.1k 25 Mar 2021

SSH that cannot connect

$ ssh -V
OpenSSH_8.9p1, OpenSSL 1.1.1n 15 Mar 2022

Looking into it, the cause is that RSA keys with SHA-1 have been disabled since OpenSSH8.8

CentOS 7 Stuck at the dracut Emergency Prompt and Would Not Boot

Tue, 22 Mar 2022 09:24:09 +0900

At some point, somewhere around when I updated the CentOS7 kernel, it stopped booting properly.

When it boots, it gets stuck showing this screen and goes no further

Wrning: /dev/centos_web/root does not exist
Warning: /dev/mapper/centos_web-root does not exist
 
Generating "/run/initramfs/sosreport.txt"
 
Entering emergency mode. Exit the shell to continue.
Type "journalctl" to view system logs.
You might want to save "/run/initramfs/sosreport.txt" to a USB stick or /boot
after mounting them and attach it to a bug report.
 
dracut:/#

I figured that something grub-related had probably broken or been misconfigured when the kernel was updated, so I googled it

Esc Stopped Working in Vim

Tue, 22 Mar 2022 08:49:13 +0900

I first hit a case where the Esc key did nothing while editing with Vim in the web console of a guest OS on ESXi.

I could not leave insert mode, and of course the other keybindings did not work either.
I looked around the web in case others had seen the same thing.

Restricting Access with nginx-proxy: Basic Auth and IP Allowlists

Tue, 15 Mar 2022 08:42:49 +0900

This article is a note on access restriction using Docker’s jwilder/nginx-proxy.
Incidentally, this is information that is also written in the official documentation

Basic authentication

Create a .htpasswd folder inside the nginx-proxy folder
Create a file named after the domain, in htpasswd format, under the .htpasswd folder
Set .hpasswd as a volume in docker-compose.yml

.htpasswd

In the .htpasswd folder, create a file in htpasswd format named after the custom domain you want to protect with basic authentication

Setting Up RSS-Bridge with Docker Compose

Mon, 14 Mar 2022 13:43:38 +0900

It supports many social networks such as Facebook and Instagram, and acts as a hub-like fetching server that turns their updates into RSS.

If setting up a server sounds like too much trouble, or you just want to try it out, you might use one of the instances that anyone can access

RSS-Bridge on Docker

I am building it with docker this time as well

Switching My RSS Aggregator from ttrss to FreshRSS on Docker

Tue, 08 Mar 2022 14:23:11 +0900

For about three years I had been running tinytinyRSS, or ttrss, on Docker.
There is still nothing wrong with it, but when updating it with docker-compose I also have to take dependencies such as mercury and opencc into account, and at this point FreshRSS has a simpler configuration and a good reputation, and FreeRSS came to be supported in Reeder5, the Mac app, as well, so I changed my RSS aggregator.

Self-hosting Nitter, a Twitter Web Client, with Docker

Fri, 04 Mar 2022 14:26:13 +0900

Restrictions imposed by Twitter

2023/6/30 Because of Twitter's API restrictions and the restriction on viewing without logging in, fetching Twitter posts and so on through nitter is no longer possible

Building Nitter with Docker as described below is still possible, but it is of no use unless the restrictions on the Twitter side are lifted

Nitter is a Web client for Twitter, and

you can view it without having a Twitter account
you can view it without logging in to Twitter
no ads are inserted
you can turn the timeline of a user or keyword you are interested in into RSS

This time I build it myself with Docker, but Nitter has an official site and instances, and using those is fine, so there is no need to force yourself to build it

Testing SMTP Sending with Postfix and MailHog on Docker

Fri, 04 Mar 2022 14:02:56 +0900

I had a situation where I wanted to send SMTP from inside a Docker container, so I gave it a try using mailhog.

I based this almost entirely on the article above (in Japanese)

What I changed

Changed the Dockerfile image to almalinux
Because centos8 is past EOL and an error came up when fetching packages
Added privileged: true to docker-compose.yml
It did start with cap-add as well, but errors were being emitted

Send test

Once it has finished starting up, check inside the Docker container whether postfix can send on port 25.
Since relayhost uses mailhog’s port 1025, it is not actually sent to the real destination, so there is nothing to worry about
On the host side you can send on port 1025 as is

# telnet localhost 25
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 0d95f56f386c.example.com ESMTP Postfix
mail from: <user@example.com>
250 2.1.0 Ok
rcpt to: <test@foo.com>
250 2.1.5 Ok
data
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
subject: mail testing
it is testing
.
250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 367DF26008A

Leave the Docker container, access http://localhost:8025 in a browser on the host side, and if the mail has arrived you are done

Trying MinIO, an Amazon S3 Compatible Object Storage, on Docker

Fri, 04 Mar 2022 13:12:45 +0900

minio is an Amazon S3 compatible object storage

It is provided for platforms such as Mac/Windows/Linux as well, but Docker is handy when you just want to try it out a little, so I will build it with docker-compose

Once you have started it with docker-compose up -d,

Connect to http://localhost:9000 in a browser
Log in with admin/password
Create a bucket with Create Bucket
Upload files and folders

The interface is exactly the same as Amazon S3, so AWS-CLI can be used too, but in order to connect to minio you need to specify --endpoint-url .
Amazon S3 is charged by usage, so if you self-host minio you can use it for free.

Extracting IP Addresses from a Log File with grep and sort

Thu, 10 Feb 2022 10:50:49 +0900

Log files come in all kinds of formats, so you will not necessarily get the same result; treat this as a rough reference only.
This time I extract the IP addresses of my own subnet from a dnsmasq log file

The dnsmasq log

Jan 25 05:45:04 dnsmasq[1]: query[A] firestore.googleapis.com from 192.168.1.43
Jan 25 05:45:04 dnsmasq[1]: cached firestore.googleapis.com is 142.250.196.106
Jan 25 05:45:04 dnsmasq[1]: query[AAAA] firestore.googleapis.com from 192.168.1.43
Jan 25 05:45:04 dnsmasq[1]: cached firestore.googleapis.com is 2404:6800:4004:827::200a
Jan 25 05:45:04 dnsmasq[1]: reply easylist-downloads.adblockplus.org is 65.21.35.75
Jan 25 05:45:04 dnsmasq[1]: reply easylist-downloads.adblockplus.org is 136.243.9.187
Jan 25 05:45:04 dnsmasq[1]: reply easylist-downloads.adblockplus.org is 141.95.40.123
Jan 25 05:45:04 dnsmasq[1]: reply easylist-downloads.adblockplus.org is 51.255.232.90
Jan 25 05:45:04 dnsmasq[1]: reply easylist-downloads.adblockplus.org is 95.216.77.130
Jan 25 05:45:04 dnsmasq[1]: reply easylist-downloads.adblockplus.org is 95.217.32.92
Jan 25 05:45:05 dnsmasq[1]: query[A] firestore.googleapis.com from 192.168.1.43
Jan 25 05:45:05 dnsmasq[1]: cached firestore.googleapis.com is 142.250.196.106
Jan 25 05:45:05 dnsmasq[1]: query[AAAA] firestore.googleapis.com from 192.168.1.43
-

Extracting only the IP addresses

From all of this, extract only the IP addresses in the form 192.168.1.*

Key Repeat Does Not Work on Mac

Thu, 10 Feb 2022 09:58:43 +0900

A note on fixing key repeat (holding a key) when it does not work with a U.S. keyboard on a Mac.

Environment

MacBook Pro (M1)
macOS Monterey
KeyChron K2

Symptoms

Key repeat works fine in iTerm and Terminal
hjkl key repeat also works in Vim
Arrow-key repeat works

In Growi’s Vim editor and in web form fields, key repeat does not work and a candidate list appears instead

Rebuilding My Zsh and Neovim Setup from Scratch in 2022

Wed, 19 Jan 2022 13:32:39 +0900

I have been a fan of the Zsh shell on Linux and elsewhere for a long time, and lately I have even flirted with fish, but I took another look at my configuration files for the first time in ages.
I had been managing my shared configuration files (dotfiles) on GitHub, and to my surprise the last update turned out to be about 10 years ago. (@_@)

The configuration files were quite old too, and various helper tools and plugins have changed, so I reviewed everything from scratch.

Running the Open Source IT Asset Manager Snipe-IT on Docker

Tue, 18 Jan 2022 09:46:16 +0900

I wanted to manage software licences as well as the appliances and assets in my home, so I looked around for a good open source option, found the IT asset management system Snipe-IT, and set it up right away.

This is how to install it with Docker

Installation and configuration

$ git clone https://github.com/snipe/snipe-it.git

Edit .env.docker

 APP_DEBUG=false
 # please regenerate the APP_KEY value by calling `docker-compose run --rm snipeit bash` and then `php artisan key:generate --show` and then copy paste the value here
 APP_KEY=base64:3ilviXqB9u6DX1NRcyWGJ+sjySF+H18CPDGb3+IVwMQ=
 APP_URL=http://localhost:8000
-APP_TIMEZONE='UTC'
-APP_LOCALE=en
+APP_TIMEZONE='Asia/Tokyo'
+APP_LOCALE=ja

Port 8000 is used by default, so if you want to change it, change ports in docker-compose.yml

Upgrading Debian 10 buster to Debian 11 bullseye

Mon, 17 Jan 2022 17:31:40 +0900

I have written about Debian upgrades several times, but the update procedure differs subtly from version to version, so it ends up being a separate article every time.
This time it is the update procedure from Debian10 (buster) to 11 (bullseye).

Checking

$ cat /etc/debian_version
10.11

Updating packages

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo apt dist-upgrade
$ sudo apt autoremove

Updating the source list (from buster to bullseye)

There are changes, so be careful: it will not go well if you only change sources.list from buster to bullseye the way you used to.

Installing Zsh 5.9 from Source on CentOS 7 and 8

Mon, 17 Jan 2022 15:19:25 +0900

zsh5.9 is the latest right now, so I have updated this article

The zsh on CentOS7/8 is old, so I installed the latest version at this point, 5.9, by hand

Preparation

Since we use commands such as wget and make, install the developer tools first

$ export LANG=C
$ sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
$ sudo yum install ncurses-devel

Downloading and installing

/usr/bin/zsh and /bin/zsh already exist, so install into /usr/local

Overriding the LDAP Login Shell on Debian and CentOS Clients

Mon, 17 Jan 2022 15:07:30 +0900

There are cases where, on a particular LDAP client machine, you want to use a different shell rather than the one defined on the LDAP server (bash)

This is possible by configuring the Linux (Debian/CentOS) client to override the shell

Debian11(bullseye)

Add the following to /etc/libnss-ldap.conf
(look up the path to the shell beforehand)

nss_override_attribute_value loginShell /usr/bin/zsh

Flush the nscd cache

# nscd -i passwd nscd

CentOS8

Add the following to /etc/nslcd.conf

Getting Started with Datadog and Moving Off a Zabbix Server

Tue, 21 Dec 2021 13:42:52 +0900

It is what you would call a SaaS style operations monitoring service

I now have an environment where I can use Datadog, so I am thinking of migrating from my Zabbix server.

Since it is just the Zabbix server being replaced by Datadog’s service and zabbix-agent being replaced by datadog-agent, anyone who uses Zabbix should be able to grasp how it works.

Once you register an account on the Datagog side so that you can use it, install Datadog-agent on the machines of each platform and start it, you will be able to view beautiful visualized graphs in no time at all.

As for installing datadog-agent, various platforms are provided, but most people probably run it on CentOS or Debian Linux.
Installation is easy too, with what is pretty much a one-liner command

Converting a docker run Command into docker-compose Format

Mon, 20 Dec 2021 22:24:31 +0900

When you use DockerHub , you see instructions written in the style of “run docker run … to start it”, don’t you.

And then there are many occasions where you want to fold that docker run … into docker-compose.

If you are used to YAML or TOML in the docker-compose format, you can simply write the version, put down the service name and then fill in the contents of the service, but lining up the indentation and so on really is a hassle.

Hardening a Docker Mail Server on Sakura VPS

Mon, 30 Aug 2021 15:56:38 +0900

This is a follow-up to Building a mail server with Sakura VPS + Docker + Freenom , in which I tighten up the security a little

If the server from last time is running under docker, stop it

$ docker-compose down

Closing imap and submission

In the previous article I confirmed that imaps and smtps communication works, so I close imap and submission

docker-compose.yml (only the changed parts are shown)

Building a Docker Mail Server on a Sakura VPS with a Freenom Domain

Mon, 30 Aug 2021 13:33:13 +0900

TL;DR

I tried building a mail server with Docker on a Sakura VPS
I will skip registering a domain on Freenom and how to use Cloudflare

Linux(Debian10)
Docker is assumed to be already installed
A domain name has been obtained from Freenom and registered in a DNS such as Cloudflare
Freenom : example.com (fictitious name)
Sakura VPS: 11.22.33.44 (fictitious IP)

For this server build I referred to the sites below

Updating the Hugo Tranquilpeak Theme from 0.4 to 0.5

Tue, 17 Aug 2021 15:09:04 +0900

I updated the Hugo Tranquilpeak theme on a site I run elsewhere from 0.4.x to 0.5.x
From 0.5BETA onwards a number of fixes were required, so here are my notes

The current Tranquilpeak

The theme is managed as a submodule, and I was using 0.4.x

$ pwd
~/hugo/tranquilpeak
$ git submodule status
 e1d2c5d5cb1efb687ed698782f99df576e7db084 themes/tranquilpeak (0.4.8-BETA)

Updating to 0.5-BETA

$ git submodule update --remote
remote: Enumerating objects: 496, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (493/493), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (164/164), done.
remote: Total 496 (delta 308), reused 472 (delta 296), pack-reused 3
Receiving objects: 100% (496/496), 214.68 KiB | 7.95 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (308/308), completed with 90 local objects.
From https://github.com/kakawait/hugo-tranquilpeak-theme
 e1d2c5d..37550aa master -> origin/master
 + 4243bcf...8223447 develop -> origin/develop (forced update)
 * [new branch] fix-fancybox-3-data-model -> origin/fix-fancybox-3-data-model
 a065336..902f360 gh-pages -> origin/gh-pages
 * [new tag] 0.5.0-BETA -> 0.5.0-BETA
Submodule path 'themes/tranquilpeak': checked out '37550aa165eec033e34f2e0f89cb0720d72a4c34'

Changes and key points

To show posts on the front page, mainSection has to be specified explicitly
(I was showing the list of posts on the front page, so nothing appeared unless mainSection was filled in)
highlight, jQery, prism and font-awesome have each been upgraded, so entries that load the CDN URLs via [[params.customJS]] are needed
The notation changed because font-awesome went from 4 to 5 (v5 notation)
A timezone parameter was added in hugo0.87, so I added timezone = "Asia/Tokyo"
(it is not mandatory, and you need to have updated hugo to 0.87 or later)

Fixing config.toml

The quickest way is to copy the config.toml inside themes/tranquilpeak/exampleSite and change only the parts you need

Upgrading Growi from 4.2 or Earlier to 4.3 with MongoDB 4.4

Tue, 27 Jul 2021 09:31:14 +0900

TR;DR

Assume that Growi is running on docker with the configuration below

App	Version
Growi	4.2.21
mongodb	3.6

There are major changes from Growi 4.3 onwards, so when you upgrade from 4.2 or earlier to 4.3, look through the official articles first
And be sure to take a backup before starting the work!

Updating mongodb

Up to Growi 4.2.x it could also run on mongodb 3.x, but 4.3 requires mongodb 4.4, so mongodb has to be updated
I did the work of updating mongodb in the order 3.6->4.0->4.2->4.4

When a Home Server Returns 403 Forbidden from Outside

Fri, 16 Jul 2021 13:53:21 +0900

On my home server I run several nginx-proxy Docker containers, and I also make them accessible from outside on my own domain.
Of course, on the fiber router facing the WAN I have ports 80 and 443 open, and connectivity from outside is confirmed.

In this kind of setup, a symptom where access from outside was not possible started happening at irregular intervals

Symptoms

When the problem shows up from outside, access becomes impossible with a 403 Fobidden like the one below

Sending Mail Through Gmail's SMTP Server with msmtp

Thu, 13 May 2021 15:42:27 +0900

I want to install msmtp on Debian10 and send mail through Gmail’s SMTP server

msmtp

On hosts that only send mail I used to use sSMTP a lot, but on Debian10 there is no ssmtp package.
The replacement for it is msmtp

Installing msmtp

# apt install msmtp msmtp-mta

Configuration

There is no configuration file in /etc, so copy the sample

# cp /usr/share/doc/msmtp/examples/msmtprc-system.example /etc/msmtprc

Incidentally, for a per-user configuration it is

When VirtualBox Vanishes After a Homebrew Upgrade and Vagrant Breaks

Wed, 12 May 2021 14:24:45 +0900

Symptoms

I run several servers in Docker containers with Vagrant on my Mac, but the guest OS I had started with Vagrant stopped coming up, and neither vagrant ssh nor vagrant halt worked any more.

$ vagrant halt
The provider 'virtualbox' that was requested to back the machine
'default' is reporting that it isn't usable on this system. The
reason is shown below:

Vagrant could not detect VirtualBox! Make sure VirtualBox is properly installed.
Vagrant uses the `VBoxManage` binary that ships with VirtualBox, and requires
this to be available on the PATH. If VirtualBox is installed, please find the
`VBoxManage` binary and add it to the PATH environmental variable.

VirtualBox cannot be found? Did it disappear?

Notes on Updating a Hugo Theme Managed as a Git Submodule

Tue, 11 May 2021 16:42:14 +0900

On this site I manage the Hugo Beautifulhuigo theme as a submodule on Gitlab.

From time to time the upstream submodue theme gets updated, but git clone and git push do not update the submodule automatically
So it has to be updated by hand, and since this is work I do often, I am writing it down as a note

Cloning my own repository

$ git clone --recurse-submodules --depth 1 https://gitlab.com/user/repo.git
$ cd repo

Updating the submodule

The only thing you actually have to do is git submodule update --remote

How to Hide the Author Name in the Beautifulhugo Theme

Wed, 24 Mar 2021 10:38:57 +0900

On this site there is only one administrator, so going to the trouble of showing the author (Author name) has no meaning.

Setting the Author field to display:none; with CSS might remove only the display, but since it is unnecessary I thought I might as well delete it outright.
Looking into the files right away, I found it written in theme/beautifulhugo/layouts/partials/post_meta.html.

 {{ if not .Site.Params.hideAuthor }}
 {{ if .Params.author }}
 &nbsp;|&nbsp;<i class="fas fa-user"></i>&nbsp;{{ .Params.author | safeHTML }}
 {{ else }}
 &nbsp;|&nbsp;<i class="fas fa-user"></i>&nbsp;{{ .Site.Author.name | safeHTML }}
 {{ end }}
 {{ end }}

Usually I would delete the relevant part and bring it over to root/layouts/partials/post_meta.html, but looking closely, the condition is the truth value of hideAuthor.

Creating Password-Protected ZIP Files on Linux and macOS

Fri, 19 Mar 2021 15:48:22 +0900

The other day, while self-hosting Bitwarden with Docker , I realised that leaving the data exported from LastPass and 1Password lying around as it is would be dangerous. Deleting it once it is no longer needed is probably the best answer, but I wanted to keep it as a backup, so I decided to save it as a password-protected zip.

Creating a password-protected zip

When you want to create a password-protected zip from a file

$ zip -e sample.zip sample.txt
Enter password:<enter the password>
Verify password:<enter the password>
adding: test (stored 0%)

When you want to create a password-protected zip from a directory

When a directory is involved you need to be careful, because if you forget the -r option you end up with an empty zip file

Running Dnsmasq in Docker as an Internal DNS Server for a Home LAN

Mon, 15 Mar 2021 10:45:02 +0900

On my home server I use my own domain and run several servers on it, but from inside the home LAN the traffic goes through the router, so accessing them with my own domain does not reach the servers inside the house

It is easier to understand if you refer to this article

When you only have a few PCs and devices, you can write the entries in each hosts file instead of introducing dnsmasq, but I also wanted to manage the hosts file in one place, so I built dnsmasq as a DNS server inside the LAN with Docker

Self-Hosting Bitwarden with Docker as a LastPass Replacement

Wed, 10 Mar 2021 16:49:34 +0900

Since the free version of LastPass gets a device limit from the middle of March, I wanted to move away from LastPass sooner rather than later, so I looked into whether there was any open source password manager out there, and Bitwarden looked good, so — as always — I tried self-hosting it with Docker.

What I do for the work is almost the same as the article below ↓

Bitwarden

Here is the official site.
If you are not going to self-host, it is easier to create an account and use that

How to Find the Subnet Range of an ISP with whois

Tue, 09 Mar 2021 08:37:34 +0900

There are times when you want to know the subnet range of an ISP or similar.

For example, when you want to allow SSH only from your home subnet on an external server such as AWS or a VPS, and therefore want to know the range of the dynamic IP in your home environment.

You can look it up with whois, which is a surprisingly simple method (well, the web based JPNIC WHOIS Gateway (in Japanese) is simple too…)

Fixing Hugo Source Build Errors on CentOS 7

Thu, 04 Mar 2021 16:45:35 +0900

I posted a similar article before in GCC error with hugo on CentOS7 , but recently the build from source failed, so I worked on it.
Incidentally, the version of hugo I am trying to build is 0.82

Environment

# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

# git version
git version 1.8.3.1

# go version
go version go1.15.5 linux/amd64

Building hugo from source

$ vim from-gh.sh
mkdir $HOME/src
cd $HOME/src
git clone https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo.git
cd hugo
go install --tags extended

$ sh from-gh.sh

Error

Cloning into 'hugo'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 50309, done.
remote: Total 50309 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 50309
Receiving objects: 100% (50309/50309), 93.65 MiB | 9.80 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (34542/34542), done.
go: github.com/sanity-io/litter@v1.5.0 requires
	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib@v0.0.0-20151028094244-d8ed2627bdf0: invalid version: git fetch --unshallow -f origin in /root/go/pkg/mod/cache/vcs/b66720d7c9f6776b1690ab6c7de6bd08fe64d74a3eaff8dbdef6603dac225370: exit status 128:
	fatal: git fetch-pack: expected shallow list

When I updated git to the latest version, this time I got the error below

Customizing image and link output with Hugo Render hooks

Sat, 13 Feb 2021 07:43:27 +0000

To insert an image in Hugo you write the standard Markdown ![Text](Link-URL), which renders as <img src "~">, but I had been wanting to build native lazy-load into the img tag.
Incidentally, native lazy-load means that

You can configure lazy loading of images easily just by adding the HTML loading attribute, without needing Javascript

At first I thought it could only be inserted by using the figure tag or a shortcut and went through some trial and error, but when I looked into it I learned that it becomes possible by using Hugo’s Render hooks.
If you want to know Render hooks in detail, see the official documentation.

Beautifulhugo Stops Showing the Last Modified Date on Hugo 0.76 and Later

Wed, 10 Feb 2021 09:23:25 +0000

Beautifulhugo is the Hugo theme I still use today, and a symptom where the last modified date was not displayed showed up, so I dealt with it

Incidentally, the hugo version is 0.80.0

Symptoms

When I start the server locally, the last modified date is not displayed and the error below appears

$ hugo server -D
....
Failed to get translated string for language "ja" and ID "lastModified": template: :1:22: executing "" at <.Count>: can't evaluate field Count in type string

Since I deploy with Netlify, raising the hugo version in netlify.toml produces the same symptom

...
[context.production.environment]
HUGO_VERSION = "0.80.0"
HUGO_ENV = "production"
HUGO_ENABLEGITINFO = "true"

Cause

Looking at the error message, the <.Count> notation seems to be the problem, and it is used in en.yaml, ja.yaml and the like inside beautifulhugo/i18n/.

Instagram Embeds Broke My Hugo Build After the oEmbed API Shutdown

Wed, 23 Dec 2020 03:42:24 +0900

Recently, after fixing Hugo settings or creating and editing articles, the build started failing and I could no longer update the site.

Symptoms

Failed to get JSON resource “https://api.instagram.com/oembed/?url=https://www.instagram.com/p/BGvuInxxxx/&maxwidth=640&omitscript=true" : Failed to retrieve remote file: Bad Request

Looking at the deploy log, Failed was displayed at the Instagram API part and the build was being aborted.

It seems that in Hugo, when an instagram shortcode is inserted, the build now fails.

Why Scripts in /etc/cron.weekly Do Not Run on Debian

Wed, 30 Sep 2020 13:37:10 +0900

Running on debian10(Buster), I had placed a backup script (backup.sh) under /etc/cron.weekly/, but apparently it was not running.
Of course I had given it execute permission, and I had confirmed it works when run manually.

Checking my other machines, it turned out that it works without any problem on CentOS while none of them run on Debian.

Looking into it,
according to run-parts(8), it seems that extensions containing a dot, such as .sh or .pl, do not run

Adding a netlify.toml to a Hugo Site

Fri, 07 Aug 2020 14:05:35 +0900

About a year has passed since I moved to a Hugo + Netlify environment, and because nothing in particular had gone wrong I had left it alone, but I finally got around to setting up netlify.toml.

The theme used on this site: Beautifulhugo (submodule)

netlify.toml

The official page has the format for netlify.toml, so create it under hugo with the following content

[build]
publish = "public"
command = "hugo --gc --minify"

[context.production.environment]
HUGO_VERSION = "0.74.3"
HUGO_ENV = "production"
HUGO_ENABLEGITINFO = "true"

[context.split1]
command = "hugo --gc --minify --enableGitInfo"

[context.split1.environment]
HUGO_VERSION = "0.74.3"
HUGO_ENV = "production"

[context.deploy-preview]
command = "hugo --gc --minify --buildFuture -b $DEPLOY_PRIME_URL"

[context.deploy-preview.environment]
HUGO_VERSION = "0.74.3"

[context.branch-deploy]
command = "hugo --gc --minify -b $DEPLOY_PRIME_URL"

[context.branch-deploy.environment]
HUGO_VERSION = "0.74.3"

[context.next.environment]
HUGO_ENABLEGITINFO = "true"

When the theme is a submodule

You need to specify the theme in the build command, so add --theme=beautifulhugo

JpGraph Charts Stop Rendering on PHP 7.3 and Later

Thu, 18 Jun 2020 17:24:18 +0900

At the time of writing (2021.10), the problem below appears to be fixed in the latest version, 4.3.5.

It says PHP 7.2 is supported, but the product information says it supports up to 7.4, so which is right?? As long as it works properly I do not really mind.

I am leaving the old article below for reference

Symptoms

Under Apache2.4+PHP7.3+Jpgraph4.3.1, the error JpGraph Error: 25092 meant graphs were no longer output

Why remi-php Updates Fail with yum on CentOS 7

Mon, 08 Jun 2020 15:42:32 +0900

Once again, an error caused by dependencies during a CentOS yum update

The situation

On CentOS7, php7.x has already been installed from the remi repository

The symptom

An error during yum update

# sudo yum update —enablerepo=remi-php73
エラー: パッケージ: php-pecl-zip-1.18.2-1.el7.remi.5.4.x86_64 (remi)
要求: php(zend-abi) = 20100525-64
インストール: php-common-7.3.0-1.el7.remi.x86_64 (@remi-php73)
php(zend-abi) = 20180731-64
利用可能: php-common-5.4.16-48.el7.x86_64 (base)
php(zend-abi) = 20100525-64
利用可能: php-common-5.4.45-18.el7.remi.x86_64 (remi)
php(zend-abi) = 20100525-64
エラー: パッケージ: php-pecl-zip-1.18.2-1.el7.remi.5.4.x86_64 (remi)
要求: php(api) = 20100412-64
インストール: php-common-7.3.0-1.el7.remi.x86_64 (@remi-php73)
php(api) = 20180731-64
利用可能: php-common-5.4.16-48.el7.x86_64 (base)
php(api) = 20100412-64
利用可能: php-common-5.4.45-18.el7.remi.x86_64 (remi)
php(api) = 20100412-64
問題を回避するために --skip-broken を用いることができます。

Using --skip-broken does not work either

Fixing failed to extract shortcode Errors in hugo server

Mon, 08 Jun 2020 15:33:51 +0900

The situation

At the moment I manage the Markdown for this blog on Gitllab and write the posts on a local machine with Git.

The flow is: clone from Gitlab to a local Mac or Linux box with Git, write a post, and push after compiling.

Hugo has a server mode, and if you start it with hugo server -w you can check a preview of the post you wrote at localhost:1313.

A Docker Image That Cannot Be Deleted

Mon, 08 Jun 2020 15:25:23 +0900

Symptoms

I tried to delete an image file in Docker and got an error

$ docker rmi d56
Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete d562087633bf (cannot be forced) - image has dependent child images

Forcing the deletion

$ docker rmi d56 -f
Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete d562087633bf (cannot be forced) - image has dependent child images

Cause

The error seems to say that child image files depend on it.

Fixing Guest Network Drops in VMware Fusion on a Mac

Fri, 05 Jun 2020 08:44:21 +0900

Symptoms

On VMware Fusion 8.5.4 under macOS High Sierra (10.13.6), the network of the guest OS in VMware Fusion occasionally gets disconnected

The guest OS is Windows10, and once the network drops,

changing to NAT or bridged does not help
restarting the network in Windows does not help
disconnecting the network adapter on the VMware side does not help

The solution

The simplest thing is to restart the Mac, but when the same symptom happens over and over while you are working, restarting every time is a hassle

HTML Written Inside Markdown Not Showing Up in Hugo

Thu, 04 Jun 2020 18:12:45 +0900

Symptoms

I had not written an article in Hugo for a while, and when I posted one after a long break I noticed that the iframes and HTML inside the Markdown were not being displayed.

Cause

When I looked into it, it turns out that with Goldmark, the Markdown parser newly adopted from Hugo v0.60, HTML tags inside Markdonw are ignored under the default settings

Solution

Since ignoring (stripping) HTML tags inside Markdonw is the default, it seems all you have to do is explicitly configure it not to ignore them

Making Command+Space Input Switching Instant on a Mac

Mon, 01 Jun 2020 15:27:36 +0900

Have you ever been frustrated on a Mac because switching input between Japanese and English with “Command+Space” does not go smoothly due to a delay?

For people using the latest Macs this may not be something worth worrying about, but I still use an iMac 2009, so the dialog that appears in the center of the screen tends to take control, and especially when I am working in the terminal or writing an article and switching frequently, sometimes it does not switch the way I want it to.

What I Thought After Running Growi for a Month

Mon, 01 Jun 2020 14:21:52 +0900

I started Growi with Docker and used it for about a month, so let me list the pros and cons from my personal point of view

These are the facts as of now (v3.7.7), so there is a possibility that they will be addressed in future version upgrades.

Pros

Markdown editing with real-time preview
Several people can edit
Change history management
Diagram editing with draw.io
Easy to set up with docker
Open source
hackmd integration
Fast search with elasticsearch
Authentication features such as LDAP, Google and Github
Simple presentations with reveal.js built in

Cons

When a single article contains a lot of images or draw.io diagrams, it previews every one of them, so it becomes slow to respond
Depending on the version, the integration with hackmd is unstable
There is no restore button in the change history for going back to a past state
Exporting and importing data requires the versions to match
When you import data, the elasticsearch rebuild fails
Articles cannot be exported as Markdown or PDF

What about running it in the office??

Since draw.io is built in and you can embed things like flowcharts and UML, I found it quite convenient for writing technical articles.

Forwarding Syslog from VMware ESXi 6.x to a Syslog Server

Fri, 13 Mar 2020 13:25:00 +0900

The logs of a VMware ESXi host are not all that important, but out of curiosity I configured forwarding to a syslog server, and these are my notes

Configuration steps

This forwarding setup is meant for those who already have a syslog server prepared and can log in to VMware ESXi as root

Configuring the syslog host

Log in as an administrator in the VMware web interface
Click Manage in the left column of the dashboard
On the System tab in the right column, click Advanced settings
Type syslog into the search box and apply the filter
Select “Syslog.global.logHost” and click “Edit option”
Specify the forwarding method and the syslog server to forward to as the new value, and save it

 "udp://192.168.1.1:514"

 For multiple entries,
 "udp://192.168.1.1:514,tcp://192.168.1.2:1514"

7. Click Refresh

Installing the Zabbix Agent on Mac OS X for Monitoring

Thu, 05 Mar 2020 14:43:02 +0900

Downloading and installing the Zabbix Agent

From the Zabbix official site, go to Download Zabbix agents (in Japanese), specify macOS and the zabbix version, and download it
Open the pkg file you downloaded and install it

By the way, it is set up so that it runs automatically when MacOS starts

# file location
/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.zabbix.zabbix_agentd.plist

# startup script
/usr/local/sbin/zabbix_agentd -c /usr/local/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf -f

# log
/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_agentd-out.log
/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_agentd-err.log

Configuration

Change Hostname as appropriate, and change the Server field to the IP of the Zabbix Server

Be Careful with Linux on a PowerEdge with the S140

Tue, 03 Mar 2020 10:59:36 +0900

When I bought a PowerEdge R630 I did not actually need RAID, but an S140 came with it by default, so I figured I might as well build the server in a RAID configuration — and got stuck.

The server build plan

Since there are 4 HDDs, I considered installing Debian Linux or VMware ESXi on RAID5

Boot failure from the rear USB port

There is no CD/DVD drive included and no PXE boot environment either, so I created a boot disk on USB, plugged it into a rear USB port and powered the machine on, at which point it froze at “Initilize Firmware Interfaces” and did not go any further.

When WordPress Will Not Upload Images

Wed, 12 Feb 2020 18:22:38 +0900

When WordPress will not upload images, the following points are often raised

The destination for the images is not writable
You are going over the image size limit set in php.ini
An image compression plugin is involved
There is simply not enough disk space
CPU load has hit 100%

Uploads stopped working from 2019?

In particular, the symptom of an error occurring kept happening even though I had not changed php.ini or any plugin.

GCC Error Keeps Hugo from Starting on CentOS 7

Tue, 28 Jan 2020 15:55:40 +0900

When I installed the latest version of Hugo on CentOS7, it would no longer start because of the error below

./hugo version
./hugo: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version GLIBCXX_3.4.20' not found (required by ./hugo) ./hugo: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version GLIBCXX_3.4.21’ not found (required by ./hugo)

Checking the GCC version

# strings /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBCXX
GLIBCXX_3.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.1
GLIBCXX_3.4.2
GLIBCXX_3.4.3
GLIBCXX_3.4.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.5
GLIBCXX_3.4.6
GLIBCXX_3.4.7
GLIBCXX_3.4.8
GLIBCXX_3.4.9
GLIBCXX_3.4.10
GLIBCXX_3.4.11
GLIBCXX_3.4.12
GLIBCXX_3.4.13
GLIBCXX_3.4.14
GLIBCXX_3.4.15
GLIBCXX_3.4.16
GLIBCXX_3.4.17
GLIBCXX_3.4.18
GLIBCXX_3.4.19

It looks like the GCC version on CentOS is still old

Switching the Beautifulhugo Submodule Back to the master Branch

Tue, 28 Jan 2020 12:50:08 +0900

The beautifulhugo theme this site uses was pinned to a particular branch and was not being updated to the latest version, so these are my notes on switching it to master

There had been updates on the official site and yet the theme inside the submodule was not updating; I wondered why, and it turned out to be because it was on a specific branch. (I thought I had set it to master when I first installed it…?)

Guest Login Stops Working After a QNAP Firmware Update

Fri, 24 Jan 2020 10:02:34 +0900

Environment where the problem happens

Model: TS-269 Pro
Old firmware: 4.3.4.1029
New firmware: 4.3.4.2351

File sharing from Windows10 and sharing over Mac SMB could no longer connect as guest.

Guest login worked on the old firmware, but after the new firmware guest login stopped working

Checking the settings

In Control Panel → Privilege settings, under “Edit Shared Folder Permission”, I confirmed that the files (folders) that should allow guest login have read/write checked for everyone
In Control Panel → Network & File Services, under “Microsoft Networking”, I confirmed that “Enable file service for Microsoft networking” is checked
I unchecked “Enable file service for Microsoft networking” and pressed the Apply button, then checked it again and pressed the Apply button (restarting the file sharing service)

Even after all of these checks, guest login does not work

socket: too many open files When Starting Hugo on a Mac

Thu, 21 Nov 2019 13:25:23 +0900

When I tried to run a certain theme with Hugo on MacOS Sierra, the error below appeared and it would not start

Error: listen tcp 127.0.0.1:1313: socket: too many open files

Looking into it, it turned out that the ulimit on the Mac needs to be changed, and I solved it by referring to macOS Sierraでulimitを変更する方法 - Carpe Diem (in Japanese).

Changing the ulimit

# cat /Library/LaunchDaemons/limit.maxfiles.plist
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
 <dict>
 <key>Label</key>
 <string>limit.maxfiles</string>
 <key>ProgramArguments</key>
 <array>
 <string>launchctl</string>
 <string>limit</string>
 <string>maxfiles</string>
 <string>524288</string>
 <string>524288</string>
 </array>
 <key>RunAtLoad</key>
 <true/>
 <key>ServiceIPC</key>
 <false/>
 </dict>
</plist>

# cat /Library/LaunchDaemons/limit.maxproc.plist
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple/DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
 <dict>
 <key>Label</key>
 <string>limit.maxproc</string>
 <key>ProgramArguments</key>
 <array>
 <string>launchctl</string>
 <string>limit</string>
 <string>maxproc</string>
 <string>2048</string>
 <string>2048</string>
 </array>
 <key>RunAtLoad</key>
 <true />
 <key>ServiceIPC</key>
 <false />
 </dict>
</plist>

# chown root:wheel /Library/LaunchDaemons/limit.maxfiles.plist
# chown root:wheel /Library/LaunchDaemons/limit.maxproc.plist
# chmod 644 /Library/LaunchDaemons/limit.maxfiles.plist
# chmod 644 /Library/LaunchDaemons/limit.maxproc.plist

Restarting the Mac

Checking the change

$ ulimit -a
Maximum size of core files created (kB, -c) 0
Maximum size of a process’s data segment (kB, -d) unlimited
Maximum size of files created by the shell (kB, -f) unlimited
Maximum size that may be locked into memory (kB, -l) unlimited
Maximum resident set size (kB, -m) unlimited
Maximum number of open file descriptors (-n) 524288
Maximum stack size (kB, -s) 8192
Maximum amount of cpu time in seconds (seconds, -t) unlimited
Maximum number of processes available to a single user (-u) 2048
Maximum amount of virtual memory available to the shell (kB, -v) unlimited

What to Watch Out for When Updating MWeb to 3.3

Thu, 24 Oct 2019 14:49:57 +0900

Notes on updating from MWEB 3.2.8 or earlier to 3.3.x

MWEB is easy to use as a MarkDown editor on the Mac, but when you upgrade from a version older than 3.2.8 to 3.3 or later, a little bit of work is required.

If your version is older than 3.2.8, simply updating the app to the latest version will not work

On the official MWEB site there is a note about this, “MWeb version 3.2.8 and bellow update to version 3.3.1 notice - MWeb ”

Kitematic on Mac Fails to Pull Docker Images

Thu, 24 Oct 2019 10:35:29 +0900

Kitematic on the Mac I use started erroring out when pulling Docker images and stopped working properly

I suspect the symptom started after I upgraded Docker some time ago and bumped Kitematic’s version along with it.

Environment and symptoms

Here I write out the environment I am running and the details of the problem

Environment

Symptoms

This error appears just as the image download from Docker Hub is about to finish.

ovftool Export Fails with vim.fault.InvalidState in Maintenance Mode

Tue, 03 Sep 2019 14:13:43 +0900

On VMware ESXi, I tried to back up a guest OS inside the ESXi server to OVF from a client.

VMware OVF Toolを利用してESXi 6.7からVMをエクスポート - redj’s blog (in Japanese) I used that detailed article as a reference. (Thanks)

When I stopped the guest OS and tried the backup, an error occurred

# ofvtool vi://[username]:[password]@[ESXi IP or FQDN]/[inventory name] [output OVF name].ovf

Error: Fault cause: vim.fault.InvalidState

With backups on the older Vsphere you had to switch to maintenance mode, and the cause was that I had done exactly that.

tt-rss Won't Start After an Update: Enabling the PHP intl Module

Tue, 03 Sep 2019 13:49:34 +0900

When I updated tt-rss, also known as TinyTinyRSS, to the latest version with git pull, it stopped starting up with the error below

PHP UConverter class is missing, it’s provided by the Internationalization (intl) module.

The environment it was running in at that point:

nginx : 1.16.1
PHP(php-fpm) : 7.3
mysql : 5.5.62

Since it is an error related to Internationalization (intl), I checked the package involved, but it was already installed (php73-php-intl)

Why I Switched from WordPress to Hugo, and What It Cost Me

Mon, 02 Sep 2019 16:44:25 +0900

Why I switched from WordPress to Hugo

I had been using WordPress for more than 10 years to write articles, but lately I update it less often, and even so I have to update WordPress itself and its plugins frequently, which is also a nuisance from a security point of view. On top of that, the articles on this site do not really need to be a blog; they are closer to static pages.

Patching Beautifulhugo to Work with Hugo 0.57

Wed, 28 Aug 2019 15:27:07 +0900

With the Hugo version upgrade it looks like some variable formats will stop working from now on, so I made the theme handle them.
In Beautifulhugo they are not handled in versions from before May, so this may end up being only a temporary fix.

Environment

Hugo 0.57
Beautifulhugo :handled from 2019-05-08 onwards (the information below is from before 2019−05-08)

Edited files

layouts/_default/list.html
layouts/index.html
layouts/partials/footer.html
layouts/partials/head.html

Changes

Before	After
{{ .Hugo.Generator }}	{{ hugo.Generator }}
{{ .RSSLink }}	{{ with .OutputFormats.Get “RSS” }}{{ . RelPermalink }}{{ end }}
{{ .Hugo.Version }}	{{ .Site.Hugo.Version }}
{{ .URL }}	{{ .Permalink }}, {{ .RelPermalink }}
.Data.Pages	.Site.RegularPages

Edited sections

layouts/_default/list.html

@@ -47,12 +47,12 @@
 <ul class="pager main-pager">
 {{ if .Paginator.HasPrev }}
 <li class="previous">
- <a href="{{ .URL }}page/{{ .Paginator.Prev.PageNumber }}/">&larr; {{ i18n "newerPosts" }}</a>
+ <a href="{{ .Permalink }}page/{{ .Paginator.Prev.PageNumber }}/">&larr; {{ i18n "newerPosts" }}</a>
 </li>
 {{ end }}
 {{ if .Paginator.HasNext }}
 <li class="next">
- <a href="{{ .URL }}page/{{ .Paginator.Next.PageNumber }}/">{{ i18n "olderPosts" }} &rarr;</a>
+ <a href="{{ .Permalink }}page/{{ .Paginator.Next.PageNumber }}/">{{ i18n "olderPosts" }} &rarr;</a>
 </li>
 {{ end }}
 </ul>

layouts/index.html

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 {{ end }}
 
 <div class="posts-list">
- {{ $pag := .Paginate (where .Data.Pages "Type" "post") }}
+ {{ $pag := .Paginate (where .Site.RegularPages "Type" "post") }}
 {{ range $pag.Pages }}
 <article class="post-preview">
 <a href="{{ .Permalink }}">
@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@
 <ul class="pager main-pager">
 {{ if .Paginator.HasPrev }}
 <li class="previous">
- <a href="{{ .URL }}page/{{ .Paginator.Prev.PageNumber }}/">&larr; {{ i18n "newerPosts" }}</a>
+ <a href="{{ .Permalink }}page/{{ .Paginator.Prev.PageNumber }}/">&larr; {{ i18n "newerPosts" }}</a>
 </li>
 {{ end }}
 {{ if .Paginator.HasNext }}
 <li class="next">
- <a href="{{ .URL }}page/{{ .Paginator.Next.PageNumber }}/">{{ i18n "olderPosts" }} &rarr;</a>
+ <a href="{{ .Permalink }}page/{{ .Paginator.Next.PageNumber }}/">{{ i18n "olderPosts" }} &rarr;</a>
 </li>
 {{ end }}
 </ul>

layouts/partials/footer.html

@@ -17,10 +17,8 @@
 {{ end }}
 {{ if .Site.Params.rss }}
 <li>
- {{ if .RSSLink }}
- <a href="{{ .RSSLink }}" title="RSS">
- {{ else }}
- <a href="{{ .Site.RSSLink }}" title="RSS">
+ {{ with .OutputFormats.Get "RSS" }}
+ <a href='{{ .RelPermalink }}' title='RSS'>
 {{ end }}

layouts/partials/head.html

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 <meta property="og:type" content="website" />
 <meta property="og:site_name" content="{{ .Site.Title }}" />
 <!-- Hugo Version number -->
- {{ .Hugo.Generator -}}
+ {{ hugo.Generator -}}

References:

How to Delete a File Whose Name Starts with -- (Hyphens)

Fri, 23 Aug 2019 16:52:27 +0900

While I was working with Hugo, either because I got an argument wrong or because I built in View mode, a directory named “–bind=192.168.1.1” ended up being created

What does not work

When you try to delete a file or directory that starts with – (hyphens) like this, commands such as the ones below cannot remove it

$ rm --bind=192.168.1.1 # naturally this is mistaken for an argument, so ☓
$ rm ”--bind=192.168.1.1” ☓
$ rm '--bind=192.168.1.1' ☓

The correct way to delete it

You insert “–” (two hyphens) into the command arguments and then specify the file or directory

Installing Ripgrep on Mac, CentOS and Debian

Wed, 21 Aug 2019 16:31:15 +0900

Notes from installing Ripgrep(rg), which searches faster than grep, ack and silver_searcher, on several platforms

Mac

Install it straight from homebrew (if homebrew is already installed)

$ brew install ripgrep

CentOS 7

On CentOS, ripgrep is not in the standard repositories or in epel, so install it as follows

$ sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo=https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/carlwgeorge/ripgrep/repo/epel-7/carlwgeorge-ripgrep-epel-7.repo
$ sudo yum install ripgrep

Debian 10

# apt install ripgrep

If your version of Debian9 or Ubuntu is old and the package is not in apt, use the following

Upgrading Debian 9 Stretch to Debian 10 Buster

Mon, 08 Jul 2019 15:45:47 +0900

Debian Upgrade

A major upgrade from Debian 9.x to 10.x

Upgrade procedure

Checking the version

$ cat /etc/debian_version
9.1

Updating

# apt-get update
# apt-get upgrade
# apt-get dist-upgrade

Rewriting sources.list

# sed -i 's/stretch/buster/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

Running the upgrade

# apt-get update
# apt-get upgrade

If any NFS-related daemons are running, stop them

# systemctl stop rpcbind

The final upgrade

Show Invisible Characters in Vim

Fri, 10 May 2019 14:26:07 +0900

Once you get used to Python layout and Markdown, there are times you want Vim to visualize blank lines and tabs.

Show them temporarily in Vim

: set list
: set listchars=tab:»-,trail:-,eol:↲,extends:»,precedes:«,nbsp:%,space:_

Show them permanently

Add the following to ~/.vimrc

set list
set listchars=tab:»-,trail:-,eol:↲,extends:»,precedes:«,nbsp:%,space:_

Turn the display back off

Inside Vim,

:set nolist

Reference

[Changing listchars colors for tabs, spaces, newlines, and so on in Vim (in Japanese)] (https://qiita.com/pollenjp/items/459a08a2cc59485fa08b )

Item	Description
set list	Show invisible characters
set listchars	Configure which characters to use
tab	Show tab characters
trail	Show trailing spaces
eol	Show newlines
space	Show spaces

Things to Decide First When You Start a Hugo Site

Fri, 10 May 2019 12:51:17 +0900

A note to myself on the items I want to decide first in Hugo

Choosing a theme

The way front matter and shortcodes are written differs from theme to theme, and layout and CSS matter too, so I want to take my time at the start and settle on a theme that is easy to customize

Hugo Themes: Complete List

Since a Hugo version upgrade can turn some syntax invalid, it may be better to pick a theme that is updated frequently
My personal recommendations would be Academic, Tranquilpeak, Learn and Beautifulhugo

How to Make Hugo Output .html URLs with uglyURLs

Fri, 10 May 2019 12:24:56 +0900

The output format of a site differs from theme to theme, but when you write an article called content, the output format is normally something like the following.

https://your-site/post/content/
https://your-site/content/

When you want to make this your-site/content.html, that is, end it in .html

Add the following inside config.toml

uglyURLs = true

Note: If “url:xxxx” is written in the front matter of an article, it takes precedence, so uglyURLS has no effect and you do not get the html format.

If it is written, only that article gets output as something like your-site/xxxx/

How to Write Tables in Markdown

Fri, 10 May 2019 10:33:33 +0900

Table notation in Markdown

Basically all you do is separate things with |

Basic form

|Header 1|Header 2|Header 3|
|-------|-------|-------|
|Item 1|Item 2|Item 3|

Header 1	Header 2	Header 3
Item 1	Item 2	Item 3

The first row is the header The header always seems to end up bold
The second row is the separator that sets the attributes Any number of - seems to be fine, but four or more is probably better
From the third row onwards, you just keep adding as many items and contents as you like

Alignment

When you want the headers and items left aligned, right aligned or centred

wp-tegaki Plugin Error on WordPress

Fri, 10 May 2019 09:14:20 +0900

Does the wp-tegaki plugin error even when it is disabled?

On a WordPress blog, the following error appeared even though the wp-tegaki plugin I used to run was already disabled. (wp-tegaki is no longer maintained and does not support PHP 7.x)

PHP Parse error: syntax error, unexpected 'new' (T_NEW) in /var/www/html//wp-content/plugins/wp-tegaki/wp-tegaki-img.php on line 24

I was not using it anyway and it was annoying, so I deleted it.

These days it is better to use web fonts anyway.

Preventing Copy and Paste of Posts in Beautifulhugo

Wed, 08 May 2019 12:46:50 +0900

Preventing copy and paste of posts

Referring to “テキストのドラッグ、画像のコピーを禁止して、記事をコピーさせない方法 ” (in Japanese), I disable text selection (dragging)

Note that this is applied for the Beautifulhugo theme, so adapt it as appropriate for other themes.

Adding the script

Add this inside the body tag

beautifulhugo/layouts/_default/baseof.html

<body onMouseDown="return false;" onSelectStart="return false">

Fixing the CSS

Add this to the css for body

beautifulhugo/static/css/main.css

user-select:none;
-webkit-user-select:none;
-ms-user-select: none;
-moz-user-select:none;
-khtml-user-select:none;
-webkit-user-drag:none;
-khtml-user-drag:none;

The point

In short, all you need to do is write the Javascript inside the body tag and apply the CSS to body in the CSS

How Do You Display SNS Embed Codes in Hugo?

Tue, 07 May 2019 14:53:56 +0900

Depending on the theme there may be a shortcode prepared for you, but basically it seems that most things display simply by pasting the HTML or iframe tag as it is.

Embedding a Youtube video in an article
Embedding an Instagram post in an article

Hackmd, an Online Editor for Writing Markdown with a Preview

Tue, 07 May 2019 14:21:27 +0900

A handy service that lets you write Markdown online with a preview https://hackmd.io/

The good points

Real-time preview
You can use a Dropbox or Google account
It is linked with imgur. Images you upload are automatically stored on imgur
Can export to Dropbox, Google Drive and Gist
Can import from Dropbox, Google Drive, Gist and the clipboard
Can be downloaded locally in markdown or HTML format
Content from YouTube, Vimeo, Gist, SlideShare and Speakerdeck can be embedded with simple notation
Sequence diagrams and flowcharts can be drawn as well

Writing MarkDown in this online service and pasting it into a Hugo article is nice and easy

Rendering Math Formulas in Markdown with MathJax and KaTeX

Tue, 07 May 2019 14:17:04 +0900

Depending on the theme, math rendering may already work out of the box, but if the formulas do not show up, add the following to layout/partial/footer.html inside the theme

<script type="text/x-mathjax-config">
 MathJax.Hub.Config({
 tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$'], ['\\(','\\)']]}
 });
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" async src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.2/MathJax.js?config=TeX-MML-AM_CHTML"></script>

KaTeX can be used to generate complex math formulas server-side.

$$ \phi = \frac{(1+\sqrt{5})}{2} = 1.6180339887\cdots $$

Additional details can be found on GitHub or on the Wiki .

Markdown Sample

Tue, 07 May 2019 14:12:15 +0900

Advertisement :)

pica - high quality and fast image resize in browser.
babelfish - developer friendly i18n with plurals support and easy syntax.

h1 Heading 8-)

h2 Heading

h3 Heading

h4 Heading

h5 Heading

h6 Heading

Horizontal Rules

Typographic replacements

Enable typographer option to see result.

test.. test… test….. test?….. test!….

!!!!!! ???? ,, – —

Mermaid Diagram Samples in Hugo

Tue, 07 May 2019 00:00:00 +0000

In Beautifulhugo, the Hugo theme, mermaid.js, the library for drawing sequence diagrams, is already built in, so simply specifying the short tag and writing in the mermaid format is enough to display a sequence diagram.

If it is not built into your theme, it is a good idea to refer to the article Hugoにmermaidを組み込んでみた (in Japanese).

A simple sample


graph LR
A[Local] -->|git push| B(GitLab.com)
B --> C{Netlify}

Gantt chart

Quoted from the official site


gantt
 dateFormat YYYY-MM-DD
 title Adding GANTT diagram functionality to mermaid
 section A section
 Completed task :done, des1, 2014-01-06,2014-01-08
 Active task :active, des2, 2014-01-09, 3d
 Future task : des3, after des2, 5d
 Future task2 : des4, after des3, 5d
 section Critical tasks
 Completed task in the critical line :crit, done, 2014-01-06,24h
 Implement parser and jison :crit, done, after des1, 2d
 Create tests for parser :crit, active, 3d
 Future task in critical line :crit, 5d
 Create tests for renderer :2d
 Add to mermaid :1d

My First Post on Hugo with GitLab and Netlify

Sat, 04 May 2019 21:34:29 +0900

I tried building a site using Hugo, GitLab and Netlify

Building the site

Prerequisites

A GitLab account is already registered
A Netlify account is already registered
hugo is already installed locally

Steps

Create a repository on GitLab
git clone it locally
Create a new site with hugo
Copy the directories and files created in 3. into the directory from 2.
Create .gitignore
```
.DS_Store
public
```
Install the theme

$ git submodule add https://github.com/halogenica/beautifulhugo.git beautifulhugo

The theme has been decided in advance, so copy it under the root

Big Image Sample

Tue, 07 Mar 2017 00:00:00 +0000

The image banners at the top of the page are refered to as “bigimg” in this theme. They are optional, and one more more can be specified. If more than one is specified, the images rotate every 10 seconds. In the front matter, bigimgs are specified using an array of hashes.

Code Sample

Tue, 08 Mar 2016 00:00:00 +0000

The following are two code samples using syntax highlighting.

Test markdown

Fri, 20 Feb 2015 00:00:00 +0000

You can write regular markdown here and Jekyll will automatically convert it to a nice webpage. I strongly encourage you to take 5 minutes to learn how to write in markdown - it’ll teach you how to transform regular text into bold/italics/headings/tables/etc.

Here is some bold text

Here is a secondary heading

Here’s a useless table:

Number	Next number	Previous number
Five	Six	Four
Ten	Eleven	Nine
Seven	Eight	Six
Two	Three	One

How about a yummy crepe?

About

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Editorial policy

Since migrating to Hugo, the goal here is not to publish as many posts as possible but to keep the existing ones substantial and accurate.

As a result, older articles get rewritten fairly often.

About the content

This site runs on Hugo + GitHub + Cloudflare
Most posts are technical notes and sample code, written first and foremost as notes to myself
Recent posts are written with the help of generative AI
The articles are originally written in Japanese. English pages under /en/ are translations, and the Japanese edition is the source of truth

Current Hugo theme

Beautifulhugo: https://themes.gohugo.io/beautifulhugo/